The most basic reaction of oxidation is that of free oxygen with a metal. For example, raw metal iron in contact with oxygen will be oxidized to ferrous oxide (FeO) and further to ferric oxide (Fe2O3) according to the following reactions:

2 Fe + O₂ 2 FeO

4FeO + O₂ 2 Fe₂O₃

This can also be accomplished in an aqueous solution, with the chemicals in their disassociated ionic forms:

4Fe + 2 H₂O + O₂ 4 Fe + 4 OH

The oxidation of the ferrous to ferric ion occurs with the loss of an electron to the oxygen. Oxidation has since been universally defined as the loss of an electron. With any oxidizing event, a reducing event must occur simultaneously; i.e. the lost electron from the oxidized element is transferred to another element, which is then defined as reduced (gains an electron).

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